The hair is an important part of the human body. In more primitive times, its major role was to provide protection. Today however, the hair also plays an important role in creating physical appeal among both men and women. This is why losing one’s hair could be a source of frustration. Hair loss usually happens when hair follicles die or are damaged.

Follicle Structure

It is easier to understand hair loss by understanding hair follicles first. These are the structures in the skin that make hair growth possible. A full set of follicles are usually present as early as the fifth to sixth month of life. From this period on, hair follicles begin to mature and grow hair.

A follicle is not a mere container for hair. At its bottom is found papilla which is responsible for nourishing the hair. Connected to the papilla is the bulb which is where hair growth begins. At the sides of hair follicles are double sheaths. The external sheath is linked to sebaceous glands.

The sebaceous glands that are part of the hair follicle structure produce sebum. This substance is made up of fats and is released through the hair shaft and out into the skin. Sebum is what makes the skin and hair oily. This natural oil provides waterproofing, protection and moisture to the hair and skin. Connected to these glands is the erector pili which can make the hair stand out straight.

Hair Follicle

Follicles and Hair Loss

Under normal circumstances, hair follicles and hair follow a hair cycle. The growing phase is known as anagen while the resting phase is called telogen. At any point in time, there will always be at least 10% of hair in the telogen phase while the rest are in anagen or in the brief transition phase between anagen and telogen. After the resting phase, some of the hair is shed. New hair is supposed to grow from the vacated hair follicles.

Among some individuals, the hair does not grow back. A substance in the sebaceous glands known as 5-alpha reductase transforms the hormone testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT) which shrinks the hair follicles, making hair loss possible.

Both men and women suffer from hair loss. Men however tend to experience complete baldness over an area. Women on the other hand experience a more diffuse type of balding. Both types of balding however are linked to hormonal causes.

Treating Hair Loss

Since DHT and 5-alpha reductase are the main culprits to hair loss, one possible solution is to block these substances. Some lab generated and natural substances are believed to have the ability to spare hair follicles from the effects of DHT. Some synthetically produced substances have been approved for market distribution. Natural solutions however require more extensive studies to validate their DHT blocking effects.

Although both men and women suffer from similar hair loss conditions, it is not advisable for women to take solutions intended for male use. This is because certain chemicals may produce negative hormonal effects among women.

Keeping Your Skin Healthy with Sebum

Under the right circumstances, a human being will feel and look like a moderately oiled machine. We have sebum to thank for that. Contrary to what some may think, there is nothing bad about moderately oily skin at all.

Sebum is Important to Healthy Skin

The Sebaceous Glands

The oil on the surface of our skins is a result of the work of sebaceous glands. These glands are located in the skin and are connected to hair follicles or ducts. They are found in nearly every part of the body except the palms and soles. When these glands are working properly, they produce sebum which they release through the pores. The substance is primarily composed of fats. Once on the skin or follicle shaft however, they may mix with dirt and bacteria.

Benefits of the Substance

A lot of people may complain about having oily skin. The sebum however that is the cause of it is really beneficial to the body. It is this substance that moisturizes the skin by itself and by preventing the loss of too much water. At the same time, it provides some waterproofing protection to the skin. The substance is also believed to play a role in the immune system by preventing infection. In the eyes, sebum plays another important role. It mixes with tears to ensure sufficient moisture to the eyes.

In infants, the important role of sebum is made even more apparent. This substance coats the fetus inside the mother’s womb so that its skin doesn’t get too wrinkled due to the fluids in the womb.

Too Much Production

In some cases, there can be too much sebum produced in the sebaceous glands. One of the major reasons for over production is an increase in hormonal activity. Since this usually happens during adolescence, teens are usually the ones who have to deal with too much sebum. Usually, over production simply leads to the appearance of acne. The acne condition may disappear on its own during early adulthood. Severe cases of acne may have to be treated with topical products.

Aside from acne, another possible consequence of too much sebum is bad odor. The substance itself has no natural odor of its own. When it mixes with bacteria in the skin however, it may produce an odor that has varying degrees of smell among various individuals.

Sometimes, too much sebum can lead to other conditions that may or may not be serious. Over production of the substance has been linked to such conditions as rosacea, seborrhea, sebaceous cyst, sebaceous hyperplasia, keratosis pilaris and sebaceous prominence.

Treating the Skin

Many conditions involving the sebaceous glands and sebum are nothing to worry about. Sometimes there is nothing better than simply maintaining basic skin hygiene, eating healthy food and staying away from harsh treatments. Do remember though that there are also some conditions that could potentially be dangerous such as sebaceous gland carcinoma and nevus sebaceous. If suspicious growths appear on your skin and you do not know what they are, you had better see a skin specialist.

What Is Nevus Sebaceous?

By all appearances, nevus sebaceous seems a lot like a bald spot. It usually appears on the scalp or somewhere in the head region. On rare cases, it can appear on other parts of the body. Among babies and kids, nevus sebaceous may simply appear to be a smooth, hairless area that is slightly yellow or differs in color from the rest of the skin. This condition is linked to the sebaceous glands.

Sebaceous glands are normally very useful glands. They are the manufacturing sites of sebum, an oily substance that makes its way to the skin. Sebum is what makes the skin oily in a healthful way. People however who have nevus sebaceous have too many sebaceous glands concentrated on the area.

The direct causes of this condition are not fully understood. It is possible though that genetic inheritance plays a role. The condition also apparently appears first during birth due to hormonal activity. It may then appear to fade a little during childhood. Eventually though nevus sebaceous may appear to get worse during adolescence and may even form into a full lesion. This is probably because of the surge in hormone levels during adolescence.

Possible Complications

There aren’t very many sources available about nevus sebaceous. There are even some doctors who may not be familiar with the condition at all. Those who are familiar with it however, tend to suggest precautionary measures to parents. This is because what may seem like a simple skin condition may be a sign of a deeper problem or may progress to another condition.

In some cases, a bold spot in kids may be a sign of a condition known as nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn. This is a very rare condition that leads to irregularities in the form and function of the skeletal and nervous systems.

Some doctors who notice nevus sebaceous in infants may also be concerned about cancer. In some cases, the bald area may be a sign of possible future cancer development. Individuals who have this skin condition may have to be observed throughout childhood. Doctors may eventually recommend the surgical removal of the bald spot to prevent the possible development of cancer.

Parental Concern

Because not much is known about nevus sebaceous many parents attempt to learn more about the condition on their own. Unfortunately, the internet also does not contain a lot of information. The terms cancer and nervous system abnormalities which have been linked to this condition may only result in causing feelings of anxiety. The best course of action for parents with kids who have this condition is to simply follow the doctor’s advice or get second or third opinions to support the need for surgery.

Doctors may not agree about the age when the bald spot should be removed. Some parents may prefer to have it removed at an early age to spare their kids from the emotional trauma of appearing in school or in public shortly after surgery.

We don’t often hear about sebaceous prominence being discussed in public gatherings. There are also not a lot of public online sites that contain reliable information about this condition. A basic search performed on this topic however will reveal several forums dedicated to it. This means that the condition is real and is a point of major concern for some individuals. What exactly is sebaceous prominence and what can be done about it?

Sebaceous Prominence

Sebaceous prominence is a condition that affects males only. It is otherwise known as Fordyce spots and appears around the bottom of the penile shaft or on the shaft itself. The spots are small, hard, white growths. Some men have diffuse growths while others can have rows of it.

Sebaceous Prominence

The cause of sebaceous prominence stems from the sebaceous glands found on the penile shaft. These glands are responsible for producing sebum which is an oily substance that keeps the skin of the penis well moisturized and healthy. The sebum that is produced in the glands, normally pass through hair follicles onto the skin. Among some men, the glands may produce more sebum than usual resulting in blocked pores and the growth of the white spots. Because these spots share a common cause with facial pimples, they are also sometimes known as penis pimples.

Effects of Spots

Sebaceous prominence is a common condition among men. It is not contagious and it is also not dangerous. Males however who notice it for the first time may become anxious over it. The spots may be mistaken for some type of sexually transmitted disease.

Even when the spots however, are confirmed as mere penis pimples, some men continue to feel some anxiety. This is especially when they start to become sexually active. Individuals with sebaceous prominence may feel that female partners may not understand the condition or may think the spots are signs of STD. The spots are therefore major blows to male confidence which explains the presence of several forums dedicated to this condition.

Treatment of Sebaceous Prominence

There is generally no need to treat sebaceous prominence. Even when you do opt for treatment, there may be no real medical solution to it. Creams intended for acne may not work on these spots. There are however a couple of online resources that claim to offer solutions to this problem. These home solutions however would typically cost you a few dollars and are no guarantee to solve the problem.

Some men also resort to pricking the white spots. Pricking sebaceous prominence may lead to the release of a small whitish substance. The spot that has been pricked may have a little blood on it but will eventually heal. Pricking however is never a guarantee that you will never grow them back. If you have more than one white spot, pricking may not be a practical solution.

There are some people who suggest that circumcision can get rid of the problem. This however is not an acceptable option for a lot of men.

If you are absolutely intent on having your sebaceous prominence treated, consult your dermatologist for your options.

While acne is more common among teens, adults are not exempt form experiencing skin growths similar to acne. Among the elderly, the condition may be more commonly known as sebaceous hyperplasia.

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Among some people, sebaceous hyperplasia may be mistaken for acne. It is also possible that the condition itself may include acne eruptions as one of its symptoms. Sebaceous hyperplasia however is considered a distinct condition. It is more properly regarded as an inflammation of the sebaceous glands themselves. The enlargement results in the breakout of soft papules that are yellow in color and may be found as clusters or as single growths. The growths typically form on the forehead, nose and cheeks. They may however, also be found around the mouth and on the eyelids, back, chest and neck.

There is no need to panic if you have sebaceous hyperplasia. It is not a dangerous condition nor will it progress to a more serious condition. It is also not contagious. In most cases, it is simply regarded as a cosmetic problem. Even so, the appearance of papules can be very disturbing for some individuals. Nobody wants to be stared at because of these unsightly growths. In case the condition may already lead to a significantly decreased self-esteem, one may consult a dermatologist for the removal of the papules.

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Causes of Sebaceous Hyperplasia

The exact causes of sebaceous hyperplasia are not known. One theory suggests though that it may have something to do with hormone levels. Older individuals tend to experience a decrease in androgen levels which may lead to the occurrence of this condition. This is the reason why they tend to be more common in older people. There is also some evidence that the condition may be hereditary. If one of your family members has had the condition, there is a possibility that you could have it too at some point in your life.

Treatment of Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Sebaceous hyperplasia does not have to be treated. If you do opt to have it treated however, there are a couple of options available. One of the least invasive treatment options is to use specially formulated cream recommended by a dermatologist. Topical treatments for this condition are different from that used for acne.

More aggressive treatment options may also be considered. Sebaceous hyperplasia may be removed through cauterization, surgical excision or laser treatment. One other option is cryosurgery. This involves the use of liquid nitrogen to freeze the papules. They frozen papules will eventually slough off on their own after some time, revealing healed skin underneath.

There is no stopping you form considering treatment for sebaceous hyperplasia. Like any other condition though, it is often best to consider less invasive treatment options first. If minimally invasive procedures have to be considered, you should carefully discuss your options with your doctor. A major risk with treatment is scarring. You might be better off waiting for the papules to disappear rather than risk getting scarred.  You just have to remember not to touch the papules to avoid irritation and the need for serious treatment.

What are Sebaceous Gland Disorders?

It isn’t common for people to think about sebaceous gland disorders. Then again, you could already be a victim of a disorder of this gland and not know it. What exactly are the disorders linked to this gland?

Acne

Acne vulgaris is perhaps the most common skin condition linked to the sebaceous gland. Acne develops when the glands underneath the skin produce too much sebum which mixes with dirt and bacteria. The mixture clogs the pores and leads to the formation of blackheads, whiteheads and pustules that are all part of an acne condition. Teens often suffer from acne more than adults because of increased amounts of testosterone in their systems. Unfortunately, one may not be able to stop a sebaceous gland from producing too much sebum until after hormone levels have naturally stabilized.

Keratosis Pilaris

This is often considered mainly as a skin condition. The sebaceous gland however has been linked to the condition simply because it does occur on the skin and may involve hair follicles which are connected to sebaceous glands. Keratosis pilaris is more popularly known as goosebumps and forms when keratin builds up on pores through which sebum produced by sebaceous glands normally exit. Although this skin condition may result in a little itchiness and irritation, it is not a lethal or life threatening condition.

Seborrhea

This condition is characterized by reddish and flaky skin on the face and scalp. The condition is often considered hereditary but its real causes are undetermined. One theory suggests that yeast which finds its way into sebaceous gland sections promote the over production of sebum which results in this skin condition.

Seborrhoeic Dermatitis

Sebaceous Hyperplasia

Like acne, this condition is marked by the inflammation of a sebaceous gland. In some cases, it may easily be mistaken for acne. The difference though is that this condition is more severe than acne and does not heal even when aggressive topical acne treatment is used. The papules may appear close to each other and may even maintain the shape of cauliflowers. Reddish skin flaking that is typical of seborrhea may also be present.

Sebaceous Gland Carcinoma

This condition can simply be rephrased as cancer of the sebaceous glands. Like other forms of cancer, abnormal cells will begin to multiply at a fast rate and will invade surrounding healthy sebaceous cells.

Sebaceous Cyst

A cyst that originates from the sebaceous gland is not a malignant growth. It is formed when keratin cells multiply in a closed sac underneath the skin. The sac itself is soft and will move around the area where it is located when it is prodded. This sebaceous gland condition will eventually disappear after some time. In cases, where an abscess forms, the contents of the sac will come out as smelly yellowish fluid.

These are only some of the basic sebaceous gland conditions that you should know about. Although some of them may be generally harmless, you should still consider seeing a doctor especially if you suspect that a skin lump or growth does not disappear after some time.

Not everyone knows about the sebaceous gland. If, however, you have had pimples, you should know what the role of these glands is in pimple formation. Knowing a little bit about these glands will help you understand the nature of pimples.

Pimple Formation

Sebaceous glands are located underneath the skin and are linked to hair follicles and ducts. The glands are responsible for manufacturing an oily substance known as sebum. This substance is released onto the skin through the hair follicles or ducts. Sebum is what makes the skin and hair moisturized and smooth. There are several factors though that promote the production of too much sebum.

Acne and the Sebaceous Gland

One factor that makes sebaceous glands produce more sebum is hormonal activity. An increase in testosterone levels increases sebum production. A consequence of over production is that the pores could get clogged. Sebum could combine with dirt and bacteria resulting in the reddish swelling and inflammation that typically characterizes pimples.

Teens and Pimples

If you consider the explanation given above, it seems pretty obvious why pimple outbreaks are more common among teens. Adolescents tend to have more active sebaceous glands because they are in the stage of life where testosterone levels are higher. In some cases though, pimple outbreaks that emerge during puberty go away in the first few years of early adulthood. Of course, some adults continue to occasionally have a few pimple outbreaks.

It also seems apparent that overactive sebaceous glands during puberty are not necessarily something to fret about. While pimples can blemish a teen’s appearance and even lower the self-esteem, they may not require aggressive treatment unless determined by a dermatologist. Always remember that sebaceous glands play an important role in skin and hair health. Treating the skin aggressively to prevent or deal with pimples could lead to dry and unhealthy skin and hair.

Acne Treatment

Severe cases of acne may really require medication or even a clinical procedure. These however should only be considered when mild treatment options have no effect on pimples or appear to make pimples much worse.

If the pimple outbreak is not too severe, you can simply settle for washing your face with lukewarm water and mild soap. This is the best way to treat your sebaceous glands. Basic skin hygiene as a form of pimple treatment will ensure that your skin stays properly moisturized.

Food and Pimples

It has been determined in the past that the link between food and pimple outbreaks is a myth. It is also true though that some foods are factors that increase the activity of sebaceous glands. Food with too much oil for example can speed up the production of sebum. You may therefore have to avoid fatty and oily foods if you have a bad case of acne.

A Pimples appearance has a lot to do with the sebaceous glands. This however, doesn’t make the glands evil. They are crucial for skin health so you should treat your pimple condition in the mildest method possible.

Sebaceous glands are sebum-producing sections of the skin. They are commonly found in the skin itself connected to the hair follicles. The glands release sebum that is released through the hair shaft and into the skin. Other parts of the skin that do not have hair can also hold these glands. Where hair follicles are absent, sebum is released through ducts and pores. Some parts of the body do not contain these sebaceous glands. These include the palms of the hand and the soles of the feet.

Sebaceous Gland and Sebum

The sebum released by the sebaceous glands is often simply called skin oil. The composition of sebum however is not limited to oil. Sebum also contains waste skin cells or debris. These glands and the sebum that they produce therefore play important roles. Aside from ensuring the elimination of dead skin cells, they also make sure that the skin and hair are sufficiently lubricated. Without enough sebum, the skin could become dry and rough and hair could become dry and brittle. Every person needs these sebaceous glands for healthy skin and hair.

Acne Problems

Sometimes the problem with sebaceous glands is insufficient sebum production. There are times when the problem is too much sebum production. There are a couple of possible reasons for excess sebum production. One may eat meals that are too rich in fats. At other times, the production of excess sebum may be the result of hormonal activity. Teens who experience increased hormonal activity are among those who experience excess sebum production.

At the very least, too much sebum may simply lead to very oily skin and hair. It is also believed though that too much sebum could be a factor in the development of acne. This explains why teens normally have oily skins and acne.

Acne doesn’t just develop due to overactive sebaceous glands. Pimples form because the pores or openings that are supposed to be the drainage areas for sebum are blocked. Sebum therefore accumulates underneath the skin. Additional bacterial action begins which results in the inflammation of the skin.

Taking Care of the Skin

There are no specific guidelines for the care of sebaceous glands. There are however a lot of basic tips for skin care. Since these glands are linked to the skin, it makes sense to practice proper skin care.

The important thing to remember about the skin is that oily skin isn’t necessarily bad. Sebum is what gives moisture and glow to the skin and hair. At the same time though, skin that is too oily should not be left alone. The combination of oil and dirt that could carry bacteria is a bad mix.

If you want to make sure that your skin has just the right amount of sebum, all you need to do is to check your diet and to practice proper skin hygiene. Cut your fat intake and wash your skin with water and mild soap.

A sebaceous cyst is a fluid-filled sack underneath the skin. The sac contains keratin, a form of protein that is a crucial component of skin and nails. Although a cyst of this type does not grow fast, it could result in a small visible lump. These cysts may form when the skin is traumatized or slightly injured. The hair follicles located in the skin may become irritated and may start to swell. Skin cells that are normally found on the surface may find their way into these swollen sections where they continue to increase in number until they form and fill a sac.

Basic Sebaceous Cyst

Sebaceous Cyst Symptoms

A sebaceous cyst normally does not cause any pain. This is why the only visible sign that you have it is a lump or bump in your skin. In some cases the lump may be so small that it may not be visible but it will be obvious to the touch. A sebaceous cyst is not overly hard and can move freely and painlessly once prodded. Cysts can be found on the face, neck, stomach, scalp, breast and genitals. Occasionally, cysts can be big and may cause some discomfort.

Not every sebaceous cyst stays as a lump. A cyst could become infected especially when it is overly prodded or if it is punctured. In this case, it may become red and inflamed. An abscess will also form and the fluid will start to seep out. The fluid is often yellowish, slightly sticky and has a bad odor.

Sebaceous Cyst

Treatment of a Sebaceous Cyst

You don’t have to do anything to a sebaceous cyst. It often disappears on its own. In case there is a real need to remove a cyst, a doctor may inject it with antibiotics or steroids. It may also be removed through a minor surgical procedure. If a cyst is not properly removed, it could form again.

In some cases, a cyst will respond well to warm moisture. It may help if you put a warm and damp cloth over a cyst for several days. Keeping the skin area clean and dry is also recommended.

Seeing Your Doctor

It is fairly easy for anyone to detect a sebaceous cyst. Even non-medical practitioners can recognize a cyst upfront. Do remember though that there are other conditions that could cause lumps underneath the skin. Even if a lump closely resembles a cyst, you should rather be safe than sorry. You might need to see your doctor who is the best authority to confirm that it is a cyst. If the lump looks suspicious or is located in a crucial part of the body, fluid from the cyst may have to be taken out for a test or biopsy.

You would truly be fortunate if all you have is a sebaceous cyst. You may just have to wait it out.

Top Five Questions on Sebaceous Cysts

1. Are these Sebaceous Cysts dangerous?

Sebaceous cysts are not dangerous. They are simply sacs underneath the skin filled with fluid made up of keratin. Although a cyst may become infected and may sometimes cause discomfort, it typically will not lead to a more serious medical condition. Even so, it still makes a lot of sense to have cyst checked. This is especially true if you suspect that the growth may be more serious than it appears. Your doctor can help confirm that you truly have nothing to worry about. He will also give you a few options if you want to do something about your cyst.

Small Sebaceous Cyst on the ear

2. Are there any other symptoms of a Sebaceous Cysts aside from a lump?

Most sebaceous cysts are painless. Often the only real clue to their presence is a lump that can either be seen with the naked eye or felt through the skin. Sebaceous cysts are typically soft and are not hard, stationary lumps. They will move in circular motions when touched. An infected cyst however may show more symptoms. Infection can lead to inflammation and a reddening of the cyst area. An abscess may form in which case the yellow keratin fluid will come out.

3. What are the options for Sebaceous Cyst removal?

One option is not to have sebaceous cysts removed. These growths can disappear on their own when they are not irritated. If you feel some discomfort due to a cyst however, you may choose to have it removed. Your doctor may recommend medication or surgery. If after your initial doctor’s consultation you develop another cyst, you might want to consider applying a warm, moist towel on the area. Only attempt this home remedy though if you are absolutely sure that you have nothing more than a sebaceous cyst.

4. Why do Sebaceous Cysts form?

These sebaceous cysts form underneath the skin when the skin or hair follicles become slightly traumatized or irritated. The follicles may swell and the fluid filled sacs may form. Keratin cells which find their way into the sack begin to multiply in it, making the lump even more apparent. The cysts may appear on the face, neck, abdomen, trunk and genital area.

5. Who are prone to developing these Sebaceous Cysts?

Anyone can develop sebaceous cysts. After all, our daily activities often put the skin and hair follicles in situations that could irritate them. In any case, you typically don’t have to worry about having these cysts. You simply have to wait for them to go away on their own.

Sebaceous cysts shouldn’t send you off into a state of panic. Remember to be vigilant with any kind of growth on the body that is abnormal. You might feel overly confident that you simply have a sebaceous cyst when it could be something more serious. See your doctor if you aren’t sure about the nature of the lump on your skin.